Amanda Davis

yeah you basically got the right idea on OM and YL -- old man and young lady, though OM gets used for any guy regardless of age, its just a friendly term. XYL is what guys call their wife, stands for ex-young lady which sounds kinda rude when you think about it but its just tradition i guess. for Q codes the ones youll actually hear all the time are QTH (your location), QRM (man made interference, like someone elses signal messing you up), QRN (static or natural noise), QSB (fading signal), QRZ (whos calling), QRP (low power operation, a lot of guys really get into that), and QSY means changing frequency. QRO is the opposite of QRP, running high power. honestly if you learn those ten or so youre probably fine for most contacts, the rest are pretty situational or just show up in contests and stuff. 88 is love and kisses, traditionally only sent to or by women operators but its not like theres a rule about it. and yeah 73 is the big one everyone uses to sign off. there used to be a whole numbered code system before Q codes, 73 and 88 are leftovers from that.

yeah the arrl handbook is way overkill for just the tech exam, dont bother with that yet. there's a book called "Ham Radio License Manual" put out by the arrl thats specifically written for tech class and its actually pretty readable, not super dense. i went through that and then did practice exams on qrz.com which has the actual question pool formatted like the real test. one thing i wish someone told me -- the questions on propagation and stuff about VHF and UHF are really not that hard once you realize most of the tech priveleges are on those bands anyway so it kind of makes sense contextually. and honestly if you can get to like 80% or above consistently on the practice exams youre probably ready, the passing score is only 74% i think

so i finally did my first ever park activation last weekend at a state park about 45 minutes from my house (K-4566 for anyone who knows the area) and honestly it was a mixed bag. spent way too long setting up my end fed because i forgot the rope i usually use and had to improvise with some paracord i had in the trunk. got the antenna up eventually but it was pretty low, maybe 15 feet at the apex which i know isnt ideal. ended up making 14 contacts in about 90 minutes on 40m SSB which i know is enough to count as a valid activation but i really wanted to hit 20 or 30. signals were decent going out, got a couple guys in florida and one in ontario which felt pretty good for a compromise setup. the logging was kind of a mess too because i was using paper and then trying to remember everything to upload to the POTA site later. anyone use an app for field logging that actually works well? i tried HAMRS a while back but kept having issues with it. anyway, not complaining, it counted and ill do better next time. just curious if others had rough first activations and what you changed for your second one.

ham study dot com is what most people point newcomers to these days, its free and it drills you on the actual question pool with the same wording youll see on the test. the tech exam is 35 questions and you need 26 right to pass, so theres actually a decent amount of wiggle room. the math questions on the real exam are pretty limited, usually just a handful, and if you learn the basic ohms law triangle and remember that every 3dB is roughly doubling or halving power youll be fine for most of it. six weeks is plenty of time honestly. i'd say just do like 50-100 practice questions a day on that site and by week 3 or 4 youll start seeing your scores climb and itll feel way less scary. dont stress too much about understanding every single concept deeply, for the tech exam pattern recognition on the question pool gets most people through it just fine.

congrats on the first activation, sounds like you did everything right. the activation zone thing is usually not something people stress too much about unless the summit has a really defined narrow ridge — the 25m vertical rule is pretty generous on most normal peaks. if you were near the top and your GPS or even just your sense of the terrain confirmed you were close to the highpoint you're almost certainly fine. nobody is going to come audit your location haha. as for the log submission timing, there's no hard deadline but the sooner the better just so the chasers can match their logs. i usually try to get mine in within a day or two. SOTA database will accept it whenever though, ive seen people submit activations months later when they forgot. just make sure you have the right date and reference and youre good. the reference lookup tool on the SOTA mapping project site is really handy if you ever want to double check a summit ahead of time or after.

could be your colpitts oscillator loading up when signals hit the mixer, ive seen the 602 do weird stuff when the input isnt properly terminated. whats your antenna situation, are you running it straight into the RF input or do you have any filtering ahead of it? sometimes a big broadcast station nearby will basically overdrive the whole front end and you get all kinds of intermod junk that sounds like hum at audio frequencies. i built something similar last winter and had a really similar symptom, turned out i had an AM station about 2 miles away just killing my dynamic range. threw a simple bandpass filter in front and it cleaned up a lot.

yeah the repeater going down without warning is such a classic drill move and it works every single time because nobody actually practices simplex until they have to. we had almost the exact same thing happen at a county drill a few years back. our EC at the time was pretty old school and he basically said if you cant operate without the machine you're not really prepared and i think about that a lot now. the message traffic backlog thing is real too. one thing that helped us a lot was pre-assigning a dedicated liaison operator just for the served agency interface so net control wasnt trying to also interpret what the EOC needed at the same time. sounds obvious but we didn't do it that way for a long time. the ICS-213 forms help too once everyone actually knows how to fill them out, which is a whole other problem haha. dead batteries in go-bags are basically a universal experience i think. we started doing a quick 'equipment check' meeting every six months just to catch that stuff. nothing fancy just everyone powers up their gear and we make sure things are charged and antennas are accounted for.

so ive been interested in ham radio for a while now, my neighbor has a big antenna setup and got me curious. i looked it up and apparently theres like different levels of licenses? technician, general, extra or something like that. im not sure if i should just go straight for the technician one or if theres a reason to try for a higher one right away. also i dont really know how to study for this thing, i found some websites but some of them look kind of old and i dont know if the question pools are still current. any advice would be helpful, i feel like im missing something obvious

the 40m sideband nets are where i started too, same situation as you. i was terrified of just calling CQ cold. one thing i didnt realize at first — you can just listen to a net a few times before you ever check in, nobody knows your just sitting there. helped me figure out the rythm of it before i jumped in. theres also a bunch of state QSO parties coming up this fall which arent really nets but they have that same kind of structured feel where people are expecting contacts and its way less awkward than cold calling. just a thought

yeah i had the same confusion after my first one lol. the wwff and pota overlap is real and took me a while to sort out. one thing i'd add is make sure you log the actual reference number correctly in the ADIF header because ive seen people upload with just the park name and it gets rejected or needs manual fixing by the admin. not a huge deal they're pretty responsive but just saves hassle. also 20m in the afternoon is usually the move if you want some dx contacts which can be fun to chase when you've already hit your minimum.

hamstudy.org is honestly probably all you need if you're short on time. just do the practice exams every day and pay attention to the ones you keep getting wrong. the site tracks your weak spots which is pretty handy. the questions on the actual exam come straight from that same pool so there arent any surprises. some people swear by the ARRL technician manual but its kind of dense if youre just trying to pass and not necessarily understand every single thing deeply right away. i passed mine in about 3 weeks just grinding the practice tests, maybe 30-40 minutes a day. the math questions look scary but theres only a handful of them and they repeat a lot so just learn those specific ones

cant speak to the 7300 specifically but i did a similar mod on an older 706 back in the day and the main thing is just having decent lighting and a steady hand. those boards are not friendly if you start poking around blind. get a good macro photo of the area before you touch anything so you have a reference point if something looks wrong after also make sure youre static grounded, seems obvious but ive seen people fry boards being careless about it

honest answer - at 30 feet on 40m your dipole is basically a cloud warmer but that's not always a bad thing. for stateside contacts and regional nets it actually works really well, you'll have no trouble holding a frequency and working guys within 500-1000 miles. for dx it's gonna be a bit of a struggle on 40 especially if you're competing with stations that have beams or higher dipoles. the vertical with a proper radial system is going to have a lower takeoff angle and you'll definitely notice it when chasing dx. but here's the thing people always skip over - radials are a pain. like if you just throw down 4 or 8 radials and call it done the vertical will probably disappoint you. you need 16 minimum to start seeing real improvement and ideally 32 or more. so factor that work into your decision. if you have the yard space and patience for radials, go vertical for the dx capability. if you just want something up fast that works well locally, the dipole at 30 feet will serve you fine for most of what you described.

so i finally did my first WWFF activation last weekend at a state forest near me, KFF reference, and honestly it was a lot of fun even though i was pretty nervous going in. set up my kx2 with a random wire thrown up in a tree and just started calling on 40m. took maybe 10 minutes before i got my first response and then things picked up from there. ended up with 44 contacts over about 2.5 hours which i think qualifies the reference? i had read you need 44 minimum but im not 100% sure if that applies to all WWFF references or just some of them. anyway my question is about logging, i was using paper in the field and then entered everything into HAMRS when i got home but im not sure exactly how to submit to the WWFF database. the website is a little confusing to navigate, at least for me. do i just upload an ADIF or is there more to it than that. also someone on the frequency mentioned i should have been spotted on the WWFF spotter which i didnt know was a thing until after i was already done. would have probably helped get more contacts i guess. overall really enjoyed it though. way more relaxed than POTA in some ways, the contacts were super friendly and several people said they needed that reference which was cool to hear.

yeah the cap swap on those older Yaesu rigs is almost always worth doing if you're already in there for something else. i did the same thing on an 897D a while back, used Panasonic FR series and got similar results on the audio. the stock caps are not bad but after a decade they do drift a bit especially in the AF stages. on the 2m sensitivity thing — honestly the 857 was never a stellar performer on VHF compared to a dedicated rig, thats just kind of a given with these all-band radios. the rx mod involves peaking L1003 i think it is, tiny coil near the VHF front end, and yeah you really do want at least a calibrated signal source to do it properly otherwise you're just guessing. i tried it once with a cheap SDR as a reference and got it slightly better but i wouldnt call it scientific. if you do a lot of weak signal VHF work it might be worth taking it to someone with an actual bench setup, otherwise probably not worth the risk for casual use.

so ive been licensed about eight months now and i honestly still dont fully understand the whole QSL confirmation thing. like i get the basic concept — you confirm you made contact with someone — but theres so many ways to do it and i cant figure out if i need to use all of them or if one is good enough. right now i have a LoTW account set up because someone at my club told me thats the main one for DXCC credit. and i signed up for eQSL too but i barely use it. i havent sent or received a single paper card yet and honestly the whole process of getting cards printed and mailing them seems kind of intimidating plus it costs money. do most people just do LoTW and call it a day? or is there a reason to bother with eQSL on top of that? and when is a paper card actually required, like is it just for certain awards or do people really still prefer getting physical cards in the mail?

The alternator whine thing is super common and honestly a bit of a rite of passage with mobile installs haha. First thing i'd check before buying anything is whether your power leads are twisted together along their length — running the positive and negative parallel and twisted together helps a lot with noise pickup. Also make sure your radio chassis has a good clean ground directly to the vehicle chassis, not just relying on the negative power lead. If that doesnt sort it out, a noise filter inline on the power leads usually does the trick. Astatic and a few others make them, you can find em for like 15-20 bucks. Some people swear by ferrite cores on the coax near the radio too. As for the antenna placement, toward the rear is fine for mobile VHF, honestly its not gonna make a huge difference in practice. Centered roof would be slightly better theoretically but you'd need a really perfect ground plane and most trucks arent that anyway. Youll be fine on that repeater either way.

nets are great once you get used to them. one thing that helped me was finding the net's schedule on a site like netlogger.org — some nets actually log check-ins there in real time so you can see whats happening without being on the air, kind of like training wheels. some nets are very formal and some are super casual so it does vary a lot depending on the group running it. for the special event station just look up their callsign on qrz before you call, usually they post what theyre looking for and sometimes theres even a certificate or award you can get for making contact. makes it a little more fun to have something to chase

same boat here, got mine like two months ago. the first time i keyed up i just froze and said my callsign wrong lol. it gets easier fast though. whats repeater are you using if you dont mind me asking

yeah the pattern thing is real, took me forever to figure that out too. most experienced DX ops have a rhythm and if you pay attention for the first 10 minutes before you even think about calling you can usually figure it out. i've seen guys on dxpeditions who literally work a spiral pattern through their passband, predictable as clockwork once you see it one thing i'd add — split discipline matters a lot. if they say listening 5 to 10 and you're calling on 7 you're just making noise for everyone. ive heard stations blowing the whole pileup apart because they cant be bothered to actually listen to where the DX says he's listening. and on that note, dont call on the DX's own frequency. i know that sounds obvious but you'd be amazed for what its worth i had good luck with FT5XO on 17m around their sunset, signal was actually pretty solid into the midwest and the pileup had thinned out a bit by then. sometimes just picking a different band or a gray line window matters more than any technique

so ive been using N1MM pretty much exclusively for the past couple years and it does the job for contests obviously but i keep hearing guys talk about Log4OM for general day to day logging and im wondering if its worth having two separate programs or if theres a way to make one work for everything the thing that bugs me about N1MM outside of contests is that it feels kinda clunky for just logging a random QSO, like if im just working DX on a weekday evening i dont want to have to think about which contest template to load up or whatever. but then Log4OM from what ive read doesnt really have the same contest engine so youre kind of stuck anyway also been messing around with WSJT-X lately and the logging integration is its own headache. right now its dumping to N1MM via UDP which mostly works but i've had dupes show up a couple times and i cant figure out if its a timing thing or what. anyone else dealing with that or is it just me being sloppy

so ive been licensed for about 8 months now and finally decided to stop borrowing my elmers old HF antenna and just build my own. decided to start with a simple 40m dipole, nothing fancy. cut the wire to roughly half wavelength using the 468/f formula, got some 14 gauge stranded copper wire from the hardware store, and threw together a center insulator from some thick PVC i had laying around. my question is about the feedpoint connection. i soldered the coax braid and center conductor to the two wire halves but im getting kind of a weird SWR reading — like 1.8:1 at the calculated resonant frequency which i guess isnt awful but i expected to get closer to 1:1 without a tuner. the antenna is only about 25 feet up in kind of an inverted V configuration if that matters. wondering if the height is what's throwing things off or if my feedpoint connection is just bad. i did wrap the coax around a piece of pvc a few times as a kind of ugly balun thing but not sure if i did that right either also the wire lengths ended up being like 33.1 and 33.2 feet because i ran out of wire on one side and had to splice a little bit, could that asymmetry cause problems?

congrats on passing the exam, the callsign usually shows up within a few days so keep checking the FCC ULS lookup. anyway on the HT question — i get why people say baofeng is fine to start and honestly for pure budget they're not wrong, the UV-5R works and lots of people learn the basics on them. but the programming software is kind of a pain and the menus are not exactly intuitive. if you can stretch to that $150 range i'd really look at the Yaesu FT-65 or even the FT-4XR, both are dual band 2m/70cm which does matter because a lot of repeaters are on 70cm (440 MHz) not just 2 meters. the build quality difference between those and a baofeng is noticable the first time you hold one. the Yaesu chirp support is also pretty good so programming a bunch of repeaters in isn't terrible once you get the hang of it. for just hitting local repeaters and talking simplex with friends any of these will honestly do the job fine. dual band is worth having just so you're not locked out of anything in your area.

Welcome to ham radio! You won't be able to access the repeater if you're not also transmitting the CTCSS tone the repeater has been programmed to respond to. On your UV-5R, you'll need to program that 110.9 Hz tone as your transmit PL tone - check page 15 of your manual for the T-CTCS setting.

so ive been going back and forth on this for a while now. my main station is at my parents place about 90 miles out, got a decent antenna farm out there but i live in an apartment so obviously i cant put anything up here. been running the station remotely for maybe 8 months now using a pretty cobbled together setup — basically just RDP into a windows box, run the rig through a SignaLink and some audio routing software, works okay but the latency is honestly pretty rough sometimes and PTT timing is all over the place depending on the day. a buddy of mine keeps telling me to look at RemoteHams and just use their client, says it handles the audio buffering way better and the PTT latency is more predictable. i poked around their site a bit and the RCForb software looks decent but im not sure i want to go full public node — i just want to control my own rig from my apartment, dont really care about sharing it with strangers. does the server software work fine for private use? or is it basically designed around the public network? also saw some stuff about people using SDR receivers on the remote end for a panadapter view, which honestly sounds really useful. anybody done that alongside a physical rig, like running an RTL-SDR or something on the remote end and feeding that into the client too? curious how much bandwidth that chews up because my parents place is only on like a 25/5 DSL connection.